List the seven characteristics of living organisms.
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition.
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Why is movement not only about walking or flying?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Movement means a change in position of the whole organism or part of it. For example, plant shoots can bend towards light.
A plant does not run away from danger. Give one reason it is still living.
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: It carries out life processes such as growth, respiration, reproduction, nutrition and response to stimuli.
What is respiration in living organisms?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Respiration is the chemical process that releases energy from food inside cells.
Why is breathing not the same as respiration?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Breathing moves air in and out of lungs. Respiration is a chemical reaction in cells that releases energy.
What does sensitivity mean in biology?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Sensitivity is the ability to detect and respond to changes in the environment, called stimuli.
A seedling grows towards light. Which life process does this show most clearly?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Sensitivity, because the seedling detects light and responds by growing towards it.
What is biological growth?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Growth is a permanent increase in size or mass, usually caused by cells increasing in number or size.
A balloon gets bigger when air is blown into it. Why is this not biological growth?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: It is not alive and it is only expanding because air is added; it is not making new living material.
What is reproduction?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Reproduction is the process by which organisms produce new individuals of the same kind.
What is excretion?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Excretion is the removal of waste substances made by chemical reactions in cells, such as carbon dioxide from respiration.
Why is removing undigested food not the same as excretion?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Undigested food was not produced by cell reactions. Excretion removes metabolic waste made inside cells.
What does nutrition mean for animals?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Animals obtain food and use it for energy, growth, repair and other life processes.
What does nutrition mean for green plants?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Green plants make their own food by photosynthesis using light, carbon dioxide and water.
A machine uses fuel, moves and gives off waste gases. Why is it not living?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: It does not carry out all seven life processes as a living cellular organism; it does not grow, reproduce or have cells.
Why must an organism carry out life processes inside cells?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Cells are the basic units of life, so the chemical reactions and activities needed for life happen in cells.
A mushroom does not photosynthesise. Which life process explains how it still gets materials and energy?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Nutrition, because it obtains nutrients from other organic material instead of making food by photosynthesis.
Which life process removes carbon dioxide made in cells, and why must it happen?
Topic: 7Bp.01 Seven life processes
Answer: Excretion removes carbon dioxide. If waste builds up, it can harm cell processes.
Give one reason viruses are often classified as non-living.
Topic: 7Bp.02 Viruses: living or non-living
Answer: Viruses are not made of cells and cannot carry out life processes independently.
Give one reason some scientists discuss viruses as being partly living.
Topic: 7Bp.02 Viruses: living or non-living
Answer: Viruses contain genetic material and can make copies of themselves, but only inside living host cells.
Why can viruses not reproduce on their own?
Topic: 7Bp.02 Viruses: living or non-living
Answer: They lack the cell structures and chemical systems needed to copy themselves without a host cell.
What is a host cell?
Topic: 7Bp.02 Viruses: living or non-living
Answer: A host cell is a living cell that a virus enters and uses to make more virus particles.
Why is a virus not described as single-celled?
Topic: 7Bp.02 Viruses: living or non-living
Answer: A single-celled organism is one complete cell. A virus is not a cell; it is much simpler than a cell.
A virus can mutate. Does mutation alone prove it is living? Explain.
Topic: 7Bp.02 Viruses: living or non-living
Answer: No. Mutation shows genetic material can change, but living classification also considers cells and independent life processes.
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